Within the space of “Conferences and Debates of Psychoanalysis in Granada," organised by the ICF Seminar in Granada, on the 11th of April 2025, Iván Ruiz gave the conference that we are sharing on this occasion. Contemporary clinical practice teaches us to read the nuances that respond to the failed identity of the self, to the fact that the subject is never identical to itself, that is, to the "delusion" that is based on dependence on the image of the other, as J-A. Miller puts it: from fictional forms constructed or not in childhood, to "solution of narcissism" or megalomania, among other varied clinical manifestations.